Genetic diversity of accessions of Lippia alba cultivated in Cruz das Almas, Bahia
Keywords:
chemotypes, cidreira, VerbenaceaeAbstract
The composition of the essential oil of Lippia alba presents quantitative and qualitative variations that divide it into chemotypes. The objective of the present study was to morphologically and chemically characterize 13 accessions of Lippia alba, cultivated in Cruz das Almas, Bahia. A cluster analysis was performed, considering quantitative and qualitative descriptors simultaneously, in accordance with Gower’s algorithm. The genetic distance matrix was obtained through the UPGMA method and calculated the cophenetic correlation coefficient. Scanning electronic microscopy was used to produce micrographs showing trichomes in one accession from each group formed. Two dissimilarity groups were formed (CCC: 0.9610**). The main dissimilarities in Group 1 were: 5 to 7 ligulate flowers with lilac petals; lower values for “height of the longest branch”, “leaf length”, “width of the leaf blade in the middle” and “diameter of the central disc of the inflorescence”; and higher values for “essential oil content”. The essential oil content was highest in accession L05, and carvone and germacrene D were its major chemical constituents. The main dissimilarities in Group 2 were: 8 to 11 ligulate flowers with pale lilac petals; higher values for “height of the longest branch”, “leaf length”, “width of the leaf blade in the middle” and “diameter of the central disc of the inflorescence”; and lower values for “essential oil content”. The essential oil content was lowest in accession L06 and geranial and neral were its major chemical constituents. The results indicated that genetic diversity exists among the accessions evaluated.
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