The analysis archaeological of the speech in Michel Foucault: for a linguistics of the statement

Abstract

Studies of language in the twentieth century and now in the present century are marked by the hegemony of three research currents: Structuralism; Innatism and Interactionism. In Structuralism, the language user is subjected to a sovereign code, against which he has no choice but to comply with the correct use standards. Deviate from the mean error. In Innatism prevails logicism. In the mind of the user resides everything he needs to be successful in their language. If the user think correctly, will also correct their linguistic expression. If the use is not consistent with the basic logic is a sign that you do not think properly. In Interactionism, the language is the result of interaction between users and ideologically defined contextually. The language uses are shared according to the user's knowledge of the semantic and pragmatic framework that resides in each context. In hegemony against these currents, this text rejects these three currents and builds its criticism from Michel Foucault's ideas. In this sense, is being outlined the conceptual direction given by the French philosopher, a new proposal, called here the linguistics of the statement, in the form of an archeology of language, to account for the speeches that give meaning to events. Still, this text relates this archeology to a new language teaching model in school, giving this school practice a different sense of what is commanded in various schools of the country.