Imitação na Ars Politica de Maquiavel: ambiguidades e ambivalências na reinserção da Virtù
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.31977/grirfi.v21i2.2276Mots-clés :
Maquiavel; Imitação; Virtù; Ambiguidade; Ambivalência.Résumé
A adequação dinâmica dos bons exemplos, conformando-os às necessidades impostas pelas circunstâncias, insere Maquiavel nos variados usos da imitatio antiga e renascentista. A imitação deve reavivar as práticas civis e as atitudes de Virtù, fornecendo ânimo para a realização das ações políticas e das práticas pedagógicas, conforme a atuação como secretário de Florença e seus escritos políticos, históricos e literários salientam. Desse modo, ao revisar a noção de imitatio, especificamente na antiguidade e na renascença, contextualizam-se os argumentos de Maquiavel sobre a possibilidade dos humanos alcançarem a Virtù pela imitação das ações adequadas nos Discorsi, no Príncipe, nas Histórias Florentinas e na Arte da Guerra. Ao propor investigações e análises do passado que produzam utilidade e deleite, realçando o sabor das ações humanas, os escritos Maquiavelianos realçam a impossibilidade de uma definição pré-determinada sobre quais opções devam ser usadas (ambiguidade) e sustentam a possibilidade de duas perspectivas, aparentemente antagônicas, serem escolhidas simultaneamente (ambivalência).
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