Kant and Foucault, from aufklärung to critical ontology

Abstract

The follow article will look for to recreate, and to analyze, the philosophical trajectory which find its origins in the Kantian concept of Aufklärung, and whose evolution will guide us until the Foucaultian concept of “critical ontology”. In 1784, Kant said in an article to the German journal Berlinische Monatsschrift so the Aufklärung (the German term to designate the historical event of Enlightenment) was the man's quit from his underage, and for underage we can understand the fact of a man can not be capable to use his own knowledge, keeping, this way, dependent of a tutor's reasons (priests, medicals, governments, etc.). From this, Foucault, in 1984, said so the originality of this answer is exactly because it doesn't propose a method or a doctrine, but it looks for incited an action: properly a get out action [Ausgang]. So, Foucault introduced us his “critical ontology”; whose, differentiate from the traditional ontology (metaphysics) which search for to capture the happenings in a doctrine, the paper of foucaultian's ontology would be exactly the one of made the subject uncapturable for any kind of doctrine, which firm the happenings in a exclusive being. What Foucault did, by the way, was push the Kant's concept far and far, proposing even a infinity work, not more just for get out, but for stay away from the state of underage.